I cosiddetti "modelli di Kuramoto", e altri simili ad essi, rappresentano un modo paradigmatico per descrivere una serie di fenomeni di sincronizzazione, cioè stati a cui possono passare sistemi incoerenti, come capita spesso nelle transizioni di fase e in una moltitudine di casi, che vanno dalla Fisica alle Neuroscienze, dalla Biologia all'Ingegneria e persino alle Scienze Sociali. Questi fenomeni spiegano, almeno qualitativamente, una grande varietà di processi complessi. In questo articolo, passiamo in rassegna tali modelli e la matematica sottostante, mostrando alcune delle loro peculiarità
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Con il contributo del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali